Psychology and Multitasking Talent free essay sample

In the current society, many individuals of different gender intends on doing multitasking by finishing the task instantly. Both multitasking and divided attention have comparable implication. Some researcher’s able to proof that between the both genders, there are no significant differences in their multitasking. However, women are naturally better at multitasking as they juggled more tasks than man. There are several reasons that women multitask better than man in manner of biological differences, frequency on juggling tasks and abilities on multitasking. Firstly, woman leads towards a greater biological difference than man. Women’s have large part of â€Å"Corpus callosum† in the brain which stimulates two conversation simultaneously (Halpern, 2000). Next, majority of man would rather focus using single hint while woman mingled multiple ideas from the atmosphere (Williams amp; Meck, 1990). In fact, the operational IQ in man decrease significantly compared to woman while performing demanding tasks (Wilson amp; Packard, 2005). We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology and Multitasking Talent or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Secondly, women are capable in juggling large amount of task frequently. Women usually carry on the lion’s share of house chores and babysitting while holding down their own career job (ABCScience, 2011). Then, as their own family turn on the heat towards them to juggle great amount of task and so they become naturally better at multitasking (Spence, 2012). Furthermore, woman accomplish for the most severe classes of multitasking in the domestic labor such as scutwork and babysitting (Liana, 2007). Finally, woman surpasses man due to superiority in multitasking abilities. Most specifically, women tend to achieve task at considerably higher stage than man as they demonstrate their natural talent for multitasking (Bratley, n. d). Next, women might inherent the ability to be more dynamic and accurate by doing task fruitfully when compared to man (Criss, 2006). In addition, women are capable in casting for just a brief time of period while they are juggling with other tasks (Richard, 2010). In conclusion, woman has a greater advantage at multitasking as in biological differences, frequency on juggling tasks and multitasking abilities than man. With their atural abilities, it allows them to be evenly productive and easily accomplish task simultaneously. Without a doubt, women may have possessed by these advantages to enhanced ability to multitask. Therefore, women are better at multitasking than men as women are naturally talented at it. Processes Based on the expedition done for this report, several sources were obtained substantially from the internet an d online databases. Majority of the sources were suitable as the topic has been selected. The information gathered was composed of two journals, six articles and three books as the sources discuss about multitasking between two genders. In fact, the reliability and credibility are reasonable for all sources obtained that shows appropriate evidence to support my argument. All the sources are considered credible and accurate as the sources are being updated and the author’s are well experienced in the particular field. Therefore, it is safe to assume that the sources are trusted and precise according to the credibility. However, some sources are questionable because it didn’t relate with the argument such as written by several authors about discoveries from movies and games, negative effects and gender differences between children on multitasking.

Difference Between Samstag, Sonnabend, and Sonntag

Difference Between Samstag, Sonnabend, and Sonntag Samstag and Sonnabend  both mean Saturday and can be used interchangeably. So why does Saturday get two names in German? First of all, which version to use depends on where you live in the German-speaking world. Western and southern Germany, Austria and Switzerland use the older term â€Å"Samstag†, whereas eastern and northern Germany tend to use Sonnabend. The former GDR (in German: DDR) recognized Sonnabend as the official version. Historically the term Sonnabend, which means The evening before Sunday, can be traced back surprisingly to an English missionary! It was none other than St. Bonifatius, who was determined during the 700’s to convert the Germanic tribes in the Frankish empire. One of his items on his to-do list was to replace the word Samstag or Sambaztac as it was known then, which was of Hebraic origin (Shabbat), to the Old English term â€Å"Sunnanaefen.† This term made sense since it signified the evening and later on the day before Sunday and thus was easily integrated into old high German. The term â€Å"Sunnanaefen† evolved into the middle high German â€Å"Sun[nen]abent† and then finally into the version we speak today.As for St. Bonifatius, despite his successful mission among the Germanic people, was killed by a group of inhabitants in Frisia (Friesland), which is known nowadays as the Netherlands (Niederlande) and northwestern Germany today. It is interesting to note that the Dutch kept the original version for Saturday only (zaterdag). The Cultural Meaning of Samstag The Saturday  evening was always the day where they would show the main blockbusters on TV. We remember studying the TV magazine - we admit, we are a bit older- and really feeling the Vorfreude (joy of anticipation) when we saw a Hollywood movie being shown on Saturday. On Saturdays, they would also show the big entertainment shows like Wetten Dass...? which you might have heard of. Its host Thomas Gottschalk (his name literally means: Gods Joker) most likely still lives in the US nowadays. We loved that show when we were younger and less thinking about what was going on there. Later we realized that it was actually pretty horrible. It entertained millions of people and so far everyone following into Gottschalks footsteps has failed to continue his success. It was big news when they finally put that dinosaur to sleep.   Sonnabend versus Sonntag Now that you know that Sonnabend is actually the evening before Sonntag (Sunday) you might be able to easily distinguish these two German weekdays. The Sunday though is a very special day in Germany. In our youth, it was the day that the family would spend together and in case you were religious youd go to church in the morning to start off the day. It was also the day all the stores in the countryside are closed. Which lead to a little culture shock when we came to Poland in 1999 and saw many stores open on Sunday. We had always thought that the Sunday was some kind of Christian holiday but as the Poles were even stricter Christians than the Germans, we couldnt quite grasp this. So dont be surprised when you come to Germany. Even in the bigger cities, the main stores are closed. The only way to get what you urgently desire is to go to a Tankstelle (gas station) or a Spti (late shop). Expect the prices to be up to 100% higher than usual.

The Ed Sullivan Show Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Ed Sullivan Show - Assignment Example Section 2: Bob Dylan’s refusal to perform a different song depicts that he was a man of originality and a fighter for his rights who can stand against the culture. His motivation for music was not to only show his appearance on some stage but to portray his work, talent and what he is passionate about rather than performing with a modified version of his work. Section 3: Mick Jaggar’s insistence that he said â€Å"mmmmm† instead of â€Å"time† suggests that many musicians consider censorship as modifying their work for a certain occasion or a situation so that their work can be represented in its original form at other place in order to ensure its acceptability and fame in its original form. Section 4: The Doors’ response to the act of attempted censorship on The Ed Sullivan Show turned into their own favor because they proved themselves as a group who do not give up so easily and they are someone who represents themselves and their work the way it is rather than modifying it on external demands. Section 5: According to Inglis, it is imperative to analyze the whole situation and its pros and cons before imposing any censorship. The reason being, certain situations themselves allow taking a step of commanding censorship however in certain conditions things like audiences’ entertainment, acceptability and profitability it is bringing to the industry also needs to be focused on. Moreover, the negative reactions by the musicians on the imposition of censorship might also disturb the economy and audience so everything needs to be considered. The Ed Sullivan Show’s motivation for allowing groups they found too controversial was to gain commercial profits and attraction of youth towards because such groups attract the young generation that ultimately increases the number of audiences in the show. Section 6: Based on the conclusions, it is evident that Inglis is taking the side of the musicians as according to him even if the musicians of

Business study case Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business - Case Study Example Google Incorporation’s operating system. Moreover, the company had been recognized to be among the top five manufacturers of smartphone worldwide. The company had faced many challenges from other smartphone manufacturing companies which include Nokia, Samsung as well as Apple among others (Yoffie, Alcacer and Kim, â€Å"HTC Corp. in 2012†). From the provided case, it has been recognized that Mr. Peter Chou is determined to be a protagonist who is the CEO of HTC. Mr. Chou planned with the top management team to offer better smartphone products in the market with the intention of improving the financial performance as well as competitiveness of the company. In this regard, the CEO is required to devise plans as well as strategies for differentiating its products with the intention of providing better competition to its business rivals in the market. The decisions to be made in this regard were the major concern for the CEO. HTC commenced the business of manufacturing products through contracts since the year 2000 as well as was segregated into two major segments which include original design manufacturer (ODM) for branded companies providing handset as well as developing phones which are based on wireless network operators. In this regard, HTC performed in an efficient as well as successful manner. Mr. Chou had eliminated the bureaucratic structure of the company with the objective of assisting employees of the company to operate their operations in a more collaborative manner. Later on, Mr. Chou had planned to manufacture handsets with the brand name of the company in order to grow its business on international perspective. The only concern was with respect to financial as well as marketing aspects. In this context, the company had planned to develop innovative and quality products for providing better competitive products in the various market segments. The company had collaborated with Google Android as well as with Microsoft to compete in the market

Early Greek Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Early Greek Philosophy - Essay Example They believed everything is only so to the eye of the beholder, and so to was it with knowledge itself according to the Sophists. Socrates, however, opposed to the Sophist position. He attempted to understand the nature of such absolutes as Justice, Goodness, or Beauty in discussion with others. Ultimately, his aim appears to be a form of the Golden Rule. If everything is relative and nothing is static, how would it be for one to be on the less than desirable side of relativity? Socrates used a dialectic technique (86). Socrates’ preferred method of debate was that of the question-answer session. He would question his opposition, and based on their answers, formulate additional questions until the relative err or truth in a given belief could be brought to light. This way, it was more as if the student derived his own conclusion from obviated facts than simply believing what is told him or her. The path to wisdom is not necessarily the accumulation of knowledge but more the honing of one’s power of discernment. Socrates believed that much like a midwife helps a mother bring forth a newborn so do teachers assist students in drawing out clarity from things in their own minds (96). As such a teacher can no more bring forth understanding from a person devoid of at least some ideas than a midwife can bring forth life from a woman not pregnant. Socrates augmented this method with strategic use of Irony. Irony is the employment of communication on multiple levels – usually an exoteric and an esoteric. The exoteric level is that of obvious, literal meanings. The esoteric is that of hidden, basic meaning. Socrates applies this method to keep his listeners engaged in his speech throughout the processes of clarification. Socrates’ discussion with Thrasymachus is representative of this process (99). The question he is trying to decide in the discussion with Thrasymachus is whether might makes right. He ultimately argues against Thrasymachus position by

Using a Code of Ethics to Inform Decision Making

Using a Code of Ethics to Inform Decision Making Considering a Social Dilemma in Practice: Using a Code of Ethics to Inform Decision Making Contents (Jump to) 1. Introduction 2. Analysis 3. Reducing Defection 4. Conclusion 5. References Abstract Social dilemmas have the potential to define an entire population, leading to the need to assess and understand the implications associated with trends. In general, there are several different types of social dilemma, which has different impacts on the society. In other words, each of them involves different kinds of cooperation for instance drugs, crime, one-time investment, prolonged investment, natural disasters etc.) This study or essay uses the social trap of carbon fuel pollution to illustrate the manner and means of defection and cooperation that are possible in order to create progress. At the end of this research study, it will be of a great significant to any person researching social science and the need to build on a fundamental level. 1. Introduction Found in every society, culture and region, the common definition for a social dilemmais held to be an instance where there is the potential for individual gain at the cost of the larger group (Baqlliet et al., 2013). In another definition according to Komorita and Parks 1995 is that social dilemma refers to a situation whereby there is a conflicts between individuals and collective interest. In a very real sense, this environment is created in order for an individual to profit from selfishness; however, if everyone chooses this alternative, the entire group stands to lose, indicating a win or nothing social condition. According to McCarter et al. (2011) who argue that issues begin to arise as too many of the target population choose the negative option preferring the sense of immediate satisfaction over the group’s long-term interests. This outlines a sense of non-committal on the part of the population, speaking to the tendency to put off social experiences and dilemmas that often take various forms across a wide variety for fields and disciplines. With illustrations of social issues including climate change, environmental hazards, high crime rate, drugs, hate crimes and air pollution as well as human overpopulation, there is a fundamental platform that must be achieved in order to effectively identify and correct errant or negative trends. This research study addresses the question of the social dilemma of fossil fuel consumption. By definition, a fossil fuel is simply a hydro carbon deposit that is obtained from remains of accumulated plants. For example natural gas, petrol and coal. Argued to be a commonly experienced social trap found in the use of carbon fuels in the environment day-to-day social operations (Chen et al., 2012). A social trap is created when there is a drive to experience and create immediate rewards as opposed to waiting to offset the potential negative, leaving much of the defining nature of the experience to the individual. Carbon pollution and the burning of fossil fuels creates the social dilemma by creating and fundamentally building a infrastructure around behavior patterns that have produced significant rewards around the societies in the short term, or current and past generations, but clearly hold a diminishing return when considered in context with the future and larger environmental picture (Khachatryan et al, 2013). The elements of a condition that create social traps are identified as reinforces that tend to build a stronger pattern of behavior in small cases yet, serves to punish larger instances. In this case defection is defined as the unbridled consumption of fossil fuels, with the cooperative social position being defined as an ongoing effort to reduce that very same use of carbon fuel. In a short term capacity, carbon fuels and combustion engines have transformed technology and the way of life for an entire civilization, yet, the use of the technology without restraint has enabled negativeconsequences to arise. However, the society are more concerned in the short time benefit and profit of carbon fuels which serves to encourage the use of the carbon fuels, yet the long term price in terms of negative environment impact, global warming, air quality deterioration, acid rain and loss of wildlife and natural resources becomes consequential. Research studies prove that social dilemma utilizes experimental designs (Sonderskov 2011). These researches, also suggests a positive and direct inter relationship between trust and cooperation. In other words, protecting the environments is a good measure of reducing social dilemma. There are important considerations that should not be ignored in dealing with environmental issues. Such as strength of ties that are found in cultural groups. Similarly, researchers from across the globe have devoted considerable effort to understanding how to generate cooperative behaviour amongst individuals of different cultures. 2. Analysis Social issues cross boundaries to impact every science and branch of study (Sagiv et al., 2011). With this recognition, there are wide ranges of theories that have the potential to apply to this social trap/dilemma of employing carbon fuels in day to day activities. Leading among many researchers is the economic game theory, or expected utility theory (McCarter et al., 2011). This approach argues that any person is a rational actor that is solely motivated to make the most of their personal positions, or utility in terms of a person’s economic self-interest. In this instance, the short term gains of employing polluting technology are seemingly insignificant in the face of day to day travel needs (Balleiet et al., 2013). With a willful form of defection, there is the sense of putting off the payment for future generations, leaving many of the population that seeks a cooperative solution with little recourse. According to the Game theory (structural solutions), there is much more likely for socially non-cooperative outcome, simply due to the ease of use and social acceptance, despite the documented negative instances related to the collection and consumption of these resources. Furthermore, many social dilemmas evoke and triggers conflict amongst moral values, making the correct choice less clear to decipher (Banks, 2006).Banks has implied how decision making about another’s welfare can frequently involve issues which are both personal and painful, thus judgements will need to be made which are ethical and promote human welfare (Banks, 2012). In knowledge of this, it is crucialto have proper justification for actions and in-actions.A second relevant theory of Utilitarianism has been developed by Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832): ‘Utilitarianism incorporates how actions have consequences, which should balance advantages and disadvantages, relatively within a certain course of action,’ (Parrott 2010, p. 54). When putting this principal into action it is acceptable for one person to suffer, if this translates to a greater number of people being happy. Two existing principles pertain to the theory of utilitarianism, and these arejustice and utility. Understanding the principle of justice can be captured in respect for equality and fairness, everyone’s happiness should be considered with the same weight. Utility as a principal infers the greatest good for everyone. However, both of these principlescan clash if the minority of people are unhappy. Beauchamp and Childress (2001) have outlined the principal ofjustice: which accounts for distribution of fair benefits, risks and costs; this encapsulates the notion that similar cases should be treated similarly.In a clinical role it is regarded as being within the job role to effectively ‘assess the whole situation, while workingfor outcomes while considering everyone’s best interests’ (Banks2012). Yet, each individual in the society has the option to disagree, and therefore defect from the effort, weakening the end results. An alternative complimentary approach is Virtue ethics and the theory of this principal investigates individual character. A persons ‘virtue ethics’ are thought to be guided and developed through their personal beliefs, and this process is said to determine overall character. As an approach Virtue ethics are carried out ‘according to which the basic judgments in ethics are judgments about character’ (Statman, 1997, p. 7).This argument indicates that a person could be co-operative by appealing to their better nature, rather than depending on the satisfaction of their immediate desires. It is recognised that issues of an ethical nature will often be embedded in personal responsibility or relationships. Linking the fight for a long term, environmentally balanced and healthy society with the need to provide a better future for the next generations, there is evidence that substantial progress can be made for the co-operative efforts (McCarter et al., 2011). The c ooperative effort will go a long way to create development and employment for the future generation. However, people will begin to see the advantage of being cooperative within the society. People with selfish interest will have a rethink of there actions. A further area of social science that applies to this case is referred to as Radical often recognized as ‘critical’ or ‘activist’ work (McCarter et al., 2011). Within this radical position the viewpoint taken is of a transformational approach, where concerns are placed on the transformation of society as this will benefit those who are most oppressed, or those suffering in adverse environmental conditions, in comparison to focusing on the individual profit, or day to day consumers (Hill, 2010). In addition, McIntyre (1982) as cited in Payne (2004) determined radical approaches and criticisms being that; traditionally, social work can lower complex social problems and turn them into individual psychological ones, while potentially cutting off service users from contact toothers who have similar problems.Yet, in in the case of pollution and using offered technology seems to translate to creating isolation between workers and those who need the service. Recent studies concerning environmental protection, results to timely and positive outcomes. They however ignore various factors or elements that influence the trust cooperation relationship that was ealier mentioned such as the strength of cultural ties that defines various cultural groups. 3. Reducing Defection Among the many possible solutions to decreasing defections and increasing possible cooperation is the option of motivational solutions (Khachatryan et al., 2013). Providing opportunities for mutual gain, both in the short and long term, creates an incentive for long term, effective cooperation and progress. There components of a must be assessed in order to create a reduced or improved environment (McCarter et al., 2011): Individualism or the presence of the tendency for a person to act selfishly Competition or the capacity to measure outcomes relative to others The opportunity for cooperation In this case is seems possible to incorporate all three elements into an effective anti-defection strategy. Emphasizing the positive aspects of using alternative fuels has the potential to inspire the individual to work outside the acceptable social net by not using fossil fuels. Furthermore, the creation of a competitive form of reporting would serve to build a measureable means for people to assess or examine their own efforts, as well as that of others. The first two are pro-self-approaches while the third is considered a prosocial orientation (Chen et al., 2012). Prosocial and pro-self-persons react differently when faced with a similar situation, making the need to find a solution that can bridge the gap between them critical. Prosocial views often concern themselves with the moral implications, thereby seek out cooperation. This can be seen in this context as the drive to harvest less from a common resource, thereby reducing overall dependency and negative consequences. Strategic solutions also have the potential to increase cooperation and reduce defections in the social dilemma of carbon fuel pollution (Ballet et al., 2013). This is an approach that uses interactions to create an environment of cooperation as the society uses a Tit for tat strategy. This approach seems to be present in the current discourse about carbon pollution with many consumers making a cooperative move, while at the same moment mirroring decisions of the partner. TFT applies to this dilemma in that it is a real-world strategy that has a proven record of success, thereby inciting many consumers to take part in the effort. These forms of structural changes alter the game by modifying the social dilemma or removing the issue completely. In this case a reduction in consumption has the potential to move on completely from the carbon fuel based system. Furthermore, research on conservation repeatedly illustrates that incentives are effective in decreasing consumption of resources as well as the adoption of renewable resources (Chen et al., 2012). Many case studies illustrate that cooperation is based on various factors, including the ability to monitor the situation in order to punish defectors leading to an external structure that opts to cooperate and self-organise with the inherent ability to communicate and share in order to effectively resolve social dilemmas. Cooperation and trust. According to Yamagishi and Cook 1993, trust can enhance or promote cooperation among individuals based on these, high trusters reciprocate others anticipated cooperation. (Granovetter 1992, De Cremer and Stouten 2003). These theories help to pass the message of cooperation among individuals thereby causing them to understand the dangers of social dilemma and how to avoid or reduce its effects in the society. Further research work has proved that trust levels are to be lower in a collective environment compared with that of individual cultures. According to Yamagishi theories, interregional trust difference applies in the US. Scholars suggest that comparing with the non-south, southern states are mostly characterized by a collectivist social relations (Reed 1974, 1983: Cohen et al. 1999). Various family ties are mostly paramount and a high lebel of poverty, strong regional identification and fundamentalist ethnic believes further unites ties to families. 4. Conclusion In conclusion, when evaluating the strengths the social dilemma of using carbon fuels, the need of the day to day consumer must be considered in the light of long term cost. Using a cooperative approach that serves to provide incentives and alternatives to possible defectors serves to enhance the underlying effort and add impact to the arguments that desire cooperation. Overall, it is certain that the core of the burden translates to effective planning while accounting for the present situation. With many possible solutions, this study has illustrated that following a radical approach could lead to empowerment of the service user, enable individuals to overcome social stigma attached to the pollution issue as educate them with skills needed to be independent in future. Creating a platform to educate and enlighten them will enhance their knowledge, skills and give them the idea of how to avoid or manage the effects of social dilemma in their society. In the end, in order to encourage cooperation there needs to be a viable alternative to be put in place that makes sense to individuals or the society at large on a day to day basis as well as being affordable to the common person. An inadequate well comprehensive strategy will only encourage those that resist change to depend on the technology of the past in order to face the challenges of the future. In addition, other solutions to this social dilemma require a full cooperation of the individuals to forgo their individual gain which will also be good for the benefit of the group. Other ways to deal with a social dilemma includes: environmental protection, media publicity such as TV and audio broadcasting, surveys and voting. Finally, there are several different methods of social dilemma, each involving different kinds of cooperation and approach e.g. one-time investment, prolonged investment and payoffs one-time benefit or loss, sustaining of a common resource pool. 5. References Balliet, D., Ferris, D. (2013). Ostracism and Prosocial behavior: A social dilemma perspective. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes,120(2), 298-308. doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2012.04.004 Banks, S. Gallagher, A. (2009). Ethics in professional life: virtues for health and social care. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Banks, S. (2012). Ethics and Values in Social Work. (fourth edition). Basingstoke New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Beauchamp, T. L., Childress, J. F. (2001).Principles of biomedical ethics. Oxford university press. Beckett, C. (2007). The reality principle: Realism as an ethical obligation. Ethics and Social Welfare, 1(3), 269-281. Beckett, C. (2012). Values and ethics in social work. Sage. Chen, X., Szolnoki, A., Perc, M. (2012). Risk-driven migration and the collective-risk social dilemma. Physical Review E,86(3). doi:10.1103/physreve.86.036101 Clifford, D., Burke, B. (2008).Anti-oppressive ethics and values in social work. Palgrave Macmillan. Darwall, S. (1995). The British Moralists and the InternalOught: 1640-1740. Cambridge University Press. Dolgoff, R., Loewenberg, F. M., Harrington, D. (2009). Ethical issues for social work practice. Derlega, V., Grzelak, J. (1982).Cooperation and helping behavior. New York: Academic Press. Hill, L. (2010). Radical indecision: Barthes, Blanchot, Derrida, and the future of criticism. Johnson, R. (2008). Kants moral philosophy. Khachatryan, H., Joireman, J., Casavant, K. (2013). Relating values and consideration of future and immediate consequences to consumer preference for biofuels: A three-dimensional social dilemma analysis.Journal Of Environmental Psychology,34, 97-108. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.01.001 McCarter, M., Mahoney, J., Northcraft, G. (2011). TESTING THE WATERS: USING COLLECTIVE REAL OPTIONS TO MANAGE THE SOCIAL DILEMMA OF STRATEGIC ALLIANCES.Academy Of Management Review,36(4), 621-640. doi:10.5465/amr.2011.65554629 Parrott, L. (2010). Values and ethics in social work practice. SAGE. Payne, G., Payne, J. (2004).Key concepts in social research. Sage. Saleebey, D. (1996). The strengths perspective in social work practice: Extensions and cautions. Social work, 41(3), 296-305. Statman, D. (1997). Virtue ethics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Sagiv, L., Sverdlik, N., Schwarz, N. (2011). To compete or to cooperate? Values impact on perception and action in social dilemma games.Eur. J. Soc. Psychol.,41(1), 64-77. doi:10.1002/ejsp.729 Thompson, N. (2007). Power and empowerment.Russell House Pub. Wilson, K. (2008). Social work: An introduction to contemporary practice. Pearson Education. Wilson, K., Ruch, G., Lymbery, M., Cooper, A. (2008).Social work. Essex: Pearson. 1

Premature Infancy Essay -- Babies Birth Early Premature Essays

Premature Infancy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Premature babies, otherwise known as preterm babies, or preemies, are babies that are born earlier than the full-term of thirty-eight to forty-two weeks of pregnancy. These babies are generally born between the twentieth and thirty-eighth week. Almost 250,000 babies, nearly seven percent of newborns, are premature(Golant 4). Prematurity, even with all the advances in technology, is still a major cause of fetal and neonatal death. Actually, around seventy- five percent of perinatal deaths are due to a number of problems associated with prematurity(Freeman 232). Premature babies are very weak and defenseless, and need to be hospitalized. One reason for this is that a baby may become startled into shock by a loud sound or even bright light. This occurs because many babies have fully-developed senses and underdeveloped organs, which may become a problem, since the brain may not be developed well enough to be able to distinguish these different senses, which causes the baby to panic and lose control of its actions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main underdeveloped parts of a premature baby are its organs, chiefly the lungs and the brain. The lungs are developed in the last few weeks of pregnancy, and if the child is born before the thirty sixth week, he/she may require some special attention. Usually, the child is monitored closely for the first few weeks of its life, in order to make sure there is no problems with the breathing or any other function of its body. The premature baby will probably need supplemental oxygen to help it through the early stages, but rarely will it need an actual respirator or other life-supporting device on a full-time twenty four hour basis. In fact, giving the baby too much oxygen may complicate problems, such as damages to the eyes. This is caused by a over- abundance of oxygen in the blood stream, which in turn causes the blood vessels of the eye to expand, damaging the eye. This problem is one of the main concerns when bearing a pre-term baby versus a full-term baby.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another difference, probably the most noticeable one, is the size and weight of the baby. A preemie will look thin and helpless, and will also have transparent skin. Blood vessels, veins and bones are sometimes visible through the skin of these babies. This is because the skin of a premature baby is very fragile and tend... ... eight to forty two weeks, and must get rid of the children from the uterus in order to return the body to normal and prevent any injuries from occurring inside the mother's womb.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many advances are occurring everyday which enable mothers to feel safer with the care of premature babies. New drugs are being developed and new methods are being tested to ensure the security of a preemie, enabling the rate of deaths and the rate of premature babies born to both be lowered. As recently as 1986, premature babies had a much lower chance of survival, and with the help of experts, this factor has been greatly reduced. Hopefully, by the time our generation or our children's generation begins to think about bearing children, there will not be much of a risk of having a premature baby. Works Cited Freeman, Roger, and Pescar, Susan. "Safe Delivery: Protecting Your Baby During High-Risk Pregnancy. New York: Facts on File, Inc., 1982. Golant, Susan and Ludington, Susan. Kangaroo Care The Best You Can Do To Help Your Preterm Infant. New York: Bantam Books, 1993. Griesemer, Bernard and Pfister, Fred. The Littlest Baby. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice- Hall Inc., 1983.